A more technical definition would explain viscosity as a force required to move a liquid plane (think plate) of some unit area, over some distance above another plane of equal area in a defined time period. In training classes, I simply define viscosity as a fluid’s resistance to pour but, more importantly, a resistance to be pumped. Isaac Newton was probably the first person we know to quantitatively define a coefficient of viscosity. Why are we concerned about viscosity in regards to centrifugal pumps? His concept and related work was not completed, but was later refined by Jean Leonard Marie Poiseuille (see Poiseuille’s Law). Mainly because viscosity has such an extraordinary and often negative effect on centrifugal pump performance. An increase in viscosity will dramatically reduce a pump’s efficiency in conjunction with marked reductions in head and flow. The net result is an increase in the brake horsepower required for the driver.
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